The concept of management

Presentation Management is the idea of running an association alongside the accessible assets into the accomplishment of stakeholders’ destinations. The idea includes different parts of authority like successful correspondence and hazard the executives as the way to enhance the activities (Albrecht, 2005).Advertising We will compose a custom coursework test on The idea of the board explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Managers are required to unite abilities and match them to errands so as to improve advancements. To achieve this, data is focal since choices must be made at each degree of the executives (Muller, 2011). To assess the impacts of the board on data innovation and the effect of well-suited data on initiative, Wal-Mart Company has been considered in this paper. Development alludes to the capacity to survey the current circumstance and think of further developed techniques for doing assignments. In the data area, an organization may improve the corr espondence offices, direct data through the correct channels and pick crowds carefully. Notwithstanding, if this isn't done well, the association faces issues with partners because of correspondence breakdown, denied item quality, and wasteful authority styles. This paper surveys the idea of the executives concerning data innovation perspectives and talks about the effect of bombed administration in an association. Conversation Management is a troublesome procedure because of expertise varieties consequently presenting issues of personal circumstances. This happens additionally in a company’s departmental setting where directors may neglect to execute a viable data innovation because of individual inclination. The issues of concern depend on the adequacy of data held by supervisors for dynamic, as a quality measure (Muller, 2011). The issue emerges when data doesn't get into the administration framework appropriately and with the necessary degree of exactness. This might be b rought about by deficient control methods in information assortment and transmission. Wal-Mart’s branch of data innovation has an incorporated online stage that stores client reactions over the web (Information Systems, 2013). This innovation might be seen compelling because of practicality of data, however it comes up short on the characteristic feel of customers, which is crucial in the marking procedure. The organization may gain data on a convenient premise subsequently speedy strategy detailing portrayed by a quick client response evaluation. Be that as it may, this procedure is invalidated by inadequate market assessments to decide the estimation of items to the genuine worth in achieving hierarchical objectives. Wal-Mart Company is thought to have a main data innovation development worldwide because of market administration capacities and extended market (Information Systems, 2013). The organization, nonetheless, has noteworthy difficulties that kill the advantages of creative capacities causing a fall in online deals. Come about by bombed administrative abilities, the organization has gained little ground in keeping up the web based platform.Advertising Looking for coursework on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This has tested the company’s capacity to improve online administrations through subjective tasks considering the premiums of each partner (Shane, 2009). Bombed correspondence technique deters the adequacy of statistical surveying; client needs examination, alongside the need to settle on trustworthy choices. Associations with a few offices require incorporating their data innovations as a way to improve correspondence in the setting for sound policymaking (Calley, 2010). The official body is commanded to limit chances that could compromise the tasks of an organization through successful policymaking and usage (Sehgal, 2010). On that note, dependabl e data is integral to guaranteeing this is accomplished. This is on the grounds that data frames the reason for creative belief systems that expansion the alternatives accessible to chiefs. Arranging gives an association the route forward in using its assets for the advancement of set targets. Data innovation and advancement are fundamental in modernizing the exercises in an association like Wal-Mart since such procedures empower the administration to make sense of the customers’ wants (Cecere Chase, 2012). Be that as it may, the division worried in Wal-Mart doesn't monitor universal market needs thus causing interior and outer correspondence issues. Correspondence breakdown in Wal-Mart Company invalidate the dynamic strategies prompting inadequate arrangements that don't tackle customers’ issues (Information Systems, 2013). Therefore, clients are not fulfilled, representatives don't get spurred, and the general result is a deficit in benefits. A decrease in the compan y’s net returns leaves it with less assets to authorize change. In spite of the fact that this can be settled, it takes incredible abilities and administration by concerned offices that attempt to coordinate data innovation to key objectives. The executives issues in hierarchical structure and organization incorporate the need to recognize issues that forestall formative change just as the assessment of restorative measures to take. To deal with the company’s data and developments successfully, Wal-Mart official body ought to think about looking for the skill of technologists as a way to improve quality. This would take care of the issue of examination where the point is to enhance customers’ worth. The virtual stage utilized by Wal-Mart doesn't take care of the issue with client need fulfillment (Information Systems, 2013). This is on the grounds that the data innovation just offers clients a virtual spot to purchase merchandise, however doesn't permit them to value the flavors of items and administrations. On that note, clients who neglect to purchase items on the web, lose trust in the exhibition of the organization subsequently are malcontented. Along these lines, rather than the innovation fathoming the company’s client assistance issues, it makes the issue complicated.Advertising We will compose a custom coursework test on The idea of the board explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Wal-Mart the executives embraced the radio-recurrence distinguishing proof innovation planned for improving the flexibly chain structure. The organization is considered to have the best flexibly chain framework all around, yet gets reactions because of wrong determination of execution innovation. For example, the organization decided to utilize RFID innovation to upgrade item gracefully and build research subtleties however neglected to dissect the departmental aptitudes to work out the method. Subsequently, the bombed innovation ca me about to expanded expenses of activity, notwithstanding wasteful aspects that join change the executives. This makes it difficult to achieve the set objectives for both nearby and worldwide partnerships. Along these lines, customers’ dismays are broad due insufficient statistical surveying contributed by huge market with no powerful promoting system (Shane, 2009). Wal-Mart data innovation division has flopped in the usage of purchaser based projects prompting client disappointment. End Information innovation is a significant aspect in the improvement of sound vital applications for the headway of business execution. It is significant for an organization like Wal-Mart to get pertinent purchaser data so as to oversee advancement and item improvement successfully (Malone, 2013). This along these lines implies that consumer loyalty is the best perspective towards more beneficial business relations (Sehgal, 2010). The organization ought to put resources into programs planned fo r distinguishing client needs alongside inclinations so as to make quality items. The organization ought to improve the administrative styles utilized in strategy execution through developments in client care administrations and gracefully chain framework. The wrong utilization of data innovation can be settled through legitimate information survey joining customers’ requests to suppliers’ needs. This guarantees a superior money saving advantage investigation for the association consequently coordinating belief systems to destinations. Along these lines, new mechanical gadgets should be introduced in the company’s utilitarian divisions through the assistance of field specialists consequently encouraging raised efficiencies. In conclusion, the organization should see each stakeholder’s needs so as to execute sound answers for issues. This is achievable through compelling correspondence, sufficient examination, and quality item affirmation. References Albre cht, K. (2005). Spychips: How Major Corporations and Government Plan to Track Your Every Move with RFID. New York, NY: Thomas Nelson Inc.Advertising Searching for coursework on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Calley, N. (2010). Program Development in the 21st Century: An Evidence-Based Approach to Design, Implementation, and Evaluation. London, UK: SAGE. Cecere, L., Chase, C. (2012). Blocks Matter: The Role of Supply Chains in Building Market-Driven Differentiation. London, UK: John Wiley Sons. Data Systems. (2013). Recovered from http://wal-m.blogspot.com/p/data systems.html Malone, M. (2013). Did Wal-Mart love RFID to Death? Recovered from https://www.zdnet.com/article/did-wal-bazaar love-rfid-to-death/Muller, H. (2011). The transformational CIO: Leadership and advancement procedures for it administrators in a quickly evolving world. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Sehgal, V. (2010). Flexibly chain as key resource: the way to arriving at business objectives. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Shane, S. (2009). Innovation procedure for administrators and business visionaries. Upper Saddle River NJ: Person Education.

PEST analysis Paraguay Essay

Vermin investigation Paraguay Essay Vermin investigation Paraguay Essay World of politics Paraguay today appreciates soundness since the finish of the fascism. Paraguay is a protected vote based system not solidified yet is en route to accomplish this objective. There is an embitterment of the populace which converts into an undeniably ruined of the establishments and people releasing administrative obligations of intensity yet this is an inclination both in Paraguay and other Latin American nations where the majority rule custom is generally new. The apparent level of debasement additionally adds to this inclination. For quite a long while, the file of impression of debasement 'Straightforwardness International' Paraguay positions as one of the most degenerate nations in Latin America. Confronted with this test, the administration endeavored over and again his assurance to battle debasement, yet their prosperity has been restricted by different political elements like Disagreements between the lawmaking body and the official. The primary difficulties at present confronting Paraguay comprise of accommodating financial development and budgetary inflexibility, while the standard of law is merged and open foundations are fortified. In the financial matters and universal business Paraguay has begun numerous approaches to upgrade the global exchange request to: 1. Encouraging the methods and customs for trade. 2. Build up vital organizations that further the conditions for exporters. 3. Build up development methodologies for every area, supporting agents/ladies in their endeavors to expand their deals abroad. 4. Advance national mindfulness and fare intensity. 5. Energize the fare of non-customary things. Monetary ENVIRONMENT Paraguay is a piece of the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) and the Latin American Integration Association (ALADI) and is characterized by the International Monetary Fund as a creating nation. The Country in the financial circle can be viewed as steady yet has a constrained limit with respect to progress. Paraguayan GDP structure is like a nation with a low degree of industrialization 14% of GDP is focused on the optional area and the 27% of GDP originates from agribusiness and fares however benefits are now encountering an expanding significance (59%). The principle trades in Paraguay are soybeans (35% of aggregate) sends out, meat (10%), vegetable oils (8%) and cotton (7%). Uruguay represents 15% of Paraguayan fares followed by Brazil (11.4%), Argentina (10.2%) and Chile (8.3%). Besides, Brazil flexibly 27.5% of the Paraguayan imports, trailed by China (16.9%), USA (15%) and Argentina (14.8%). The principle exporters in Paraguay are: SOCIO CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT Paraguay is a youthful nation with a fourth of the populace under 10 years (26%) and it holds one of the most reduced normal age in Latin America (23 years). Regardless of a high pace of populace development (2.2% every year), is a scantily populated nation, with a thickness of 15.2 occupants per square kilometer, which is likewise one of the most minimal in the area. The populace structure vouches for a generally rustic nation (43% of the populace lives in the open country), and in which the greater part of its occupants are poor (66% of the poor live in provincial zones). Access to training have not arrived at ideal markers, especially between 15 to 24 years. The low degree of instruction punishes the poor populace since it is an obstruction for the great pay rates and it takes from them the likelihood to incorporate in the advanced segments of the economy.

Social Anxiety Disorder Symptoms and Progression

Social Anxiety Disorder Symptoms and Progression Phobias Print Social Anxiety Disorder Information By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 28, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 10, 2020 Jupiterimages/Photolibrary/Getty Images More in Phobias Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Social anxiety disorder is a mental health condition that was is previously referred to as social phobia. While its often assumed that having social anxiety means you are afraid of other people or are exceptionally shy, the anxiety disorder actually involves a fear of social situations.?? Social anxiety disorder can be divided into two main types: specific, in which one or more situations are feared, and generalized, which encompasses fear of multiple situations.?? If you have social anxiety disorder, you may be afraid of speaking in front of others, performing in front of others, or simply being around other people. Whatever specific situations you fear, all forms of social anxiety disorder share several common characteristics. While it can be a severely disabling mental health condition, when its recognized and accurately diagnosed, social anxiety disorder can be treated. Symptoms Each person with social anxiety will have slightly different symptoms which are dependent on their specific fears and the intensity of their phobia. Several symptoms are characteristics of social anxiety disorder.?? The most common include (but are not limited to): Fear: You may feel a sense of dread or doom beginning in the days leading up to a scheduled social event. During the event, your dread may become overwhelming.Physical Symptoms: You may have a physical reaction similar to a panic attack. Intense blushing, shaking, palpitations, and stomach distress are particularly common.Self-Judgment: Many people with social anxiety disorder feel that they are being intensely scrutinized by those around them. You may become hyper-aware of the way you walk, talk, chew, and perform other everyday actions. Becoming very critical of yourself is also common. Keep in mind that the symptoms of social anxiety disorder are quite similar to those of other disorders such as panic disorder, as well as certain medical conditions. Your healthcare provider can determine the cause  of your symptoms and decide on an appropriate treatment.   Diagnosis Like any phobia or other mental health disorder, social anxiety disorder can only be diagnosed by a trained medical or mental health professional. One of the essential elements of diagnosing any phobia is that it must significantly impact a persons life.?? However, this is not always easy to demonstrate. For example, if you fear public speaking but have created a life for yourself that does not require you to use this skill, you may not have a phobia. If you had a job, such as being a lawyer, that required you to speak in front of others you might be disabled by the fear. Progression Each case of social anxiety disorder  is different. Your particular phobia may not follow a typical pattern. In general, it appears that untreated social anxiety disorder tends to worsen over time. Social anxiety can progress from fearing a single social situation to multiple situations, or even develop into an overall fear of people.?? Social anxiety can progress from fearing a single social situation to multiple situations, or even develop into an overall fear of people. Extreme cases of untreated social anxiety disorder can lead to isolation, depression, other anxiety disorders, or even agoraphobia. The following progression of social anxiety disorder is generally considered to be typical: Early Warning Signs:  Many people who eventually develop social anxiety disorder showed signs of timidity and social anxiety in early childhood.Age at First Onset:  Although social anxiety disorder can appear at any age, it typically begins at around age 13â€"an age at which some degree of social unease is normal. Social anxiety disorder in teens and children is diagnosed only when it persists for more than six months.Progressive Effects:  Untreated social anxiety disorder can cause difficulty with jobs and social relationships, and increasing isolation can lead to the development of other disorders.Concurrent Disorders:  The isolation and anxiety that comes with a social anxiety disorder have been linked to depression, substance abuse, and further anxiety disorders.Prognosis:  Untreated social anxiety disorder can become chronic and increasingly life-limiting. Over time, it can become more difficult to fight the phobia and maintain a normal life. With treatment, however, the prognos is is extremely positive. Treatment Social anxiety disorder can be treated with medication, therapy, and alternative methods.?? Many practitioners choose to use a combination of treatments. Find Help With the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups Medication Options The medications used in treating social anxiety disorder fall into four main categories: SSRIs: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, work by affecting the level of serotonin in the brain. Theyre usually prescribed for depression, but theyre also effective in treating anxiety disorders, including phobias.MAOIs: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) block an enzyme that breaks down certain neurotransmitters in the brain. These medications are popularly prescribed for depression, but they can also treat anxiety.Benzodiazepines: Benzodiazepines are sedatives commonly used to treat anxiety disorders, including social anxiety. They ease phobias by addressing the associated anxiety.Beta-Blockers: Typically prescribed for high blood pressure and certain heart conditions, beta-blockers work by suppressing the effects of epinephrine (adrenaline) in the body. Some studies have shown that beta-blockers effectively relieve certain aspects of social anxiety disorder, but the drugs arent necessarily more effective than other treatments. The medication is also not without r isk, which must be weighed against the benefit of trying the treatment. Therapy Various types of talk therapy can effectively treat social anxiety disorder.  One of the most popular treatments for phobias is cognitive-behavioral therapy.?? Other therapies used include psychoanalysis, intensive group seminars, and behavioral techniques. How Behavioral Therapy Plays a Role in the Treatment of Phobias Alternative Treatments Some people with anxiety disorders find relief from alternative treatments such as hypnotherapy, aromatherapy, guided imagery,  acupuncture, and homeopathy.?? However, not all of these remedies have been well-researched and many are not specific to social phobias. If you want to pursue alternative treatments, do so only under the guidance of both a licensed mental health professional and an expert in remedy you choose. Could an Alternative Therapy Work for Your Phobias? Living With Social Anxiety Disorder If you have social anxiety disorder, you face many of the same challenges in daily living as those with any other phobia. Depending on the severity, your social anxiety might feel like a manageable annoyance or a devastating condition. Since social anxiety disorder involves a fear of being in social situations, it can also present unique challenges, particularly when it comes to work, school, and dating. Travel poses unique challenges if you have social anxiety disorder. Flying invariably involves close contact with strangers and enhanced airport security measures can trigger an intense reaction. Road trips can be more manageable, but only if you are comfortable with your traveling companions. The symptoms of your social anxiety disorder may seem worse during the winter holiday season when streets and shopping malls are packed with hurried strangers. The time of year is also generally a social one. As such, you may be expected to make the rounds to holiday parties hosted by friends or colleagues where you may not know many people. Even if you generally love the holiday season, you may find even the most mundane tasks more difficult to accomplish during this overcrowded time of year. A Word From Verywell Social anxiety disorder can cause many difficulties in a persons daily life, but its extremely treatableâ€"but left untreated, it can be disabling. Its important to seek professional help as soon as possible. A qualified mental health provider can develop an individualized treatment plan that effectively addresses your symptoms, as well as help you learn coping skills. Things to Start Doing If You Have Social Anxiety Disorder

The Different Types Of Academic Journals - 825 Words

An academic journal is a peer-reviewed article that is published periodically which is related to a certain academic discipline. It is basically research from an individual or a group targeting a topic to inform people/critique someone else’s research. The different types of academic journals are: Communication Research, which is research in a variety of fields, Journal of Applied Communication Research, which is research in workplace and other settings, Critical Studies in Media Communication, which is research in how communication expresses power, and Convergence: The International Journal of Research Into New Media Technologies, which is research in social media. There are quite a few differences in which that an academic journal is written by scholars. They are released quarterly, peer-reviewed by experts, have citations, and published by in academic journals. Newspapers, magazines, and websites have no experts, just experts, to review their writing. They are released monthly, weekly, and daily. Brown, Kenon A.; Billings, Andrew C.; Mastro, Dana; Brown-Devlin, Natalie. Journalism Mass Communication Quarterly. Jun2015, Vol. 92 Issue 2 A study was done to test the impacts of race and gender in the process of image repair. The study was conducted by doing a survey of 287 participants, which consisted of 91 males and 196 females, age range from 18-24(thirty nine percent) and 25-4(thirty three percent) , fifty four percent white and twenty nine percent AfricanShow MoreRelatedScholarly Journals Versus Popular Magazines876 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessor always ask students to read or write some scholarly journals when they become a university student. Many of student do not know what kind of article can be called scholarly journals? Anyhow, those be loved by the people of articles always are not form scholarly journals in our daily lives. Like popular magazines. We can see citizen read a magazine on the bus stop chair but never see people read a scholarly journal. what are the different with the common popular magazines in bookstore? Which kindRead MoreBasic Motives Behind Academic And Industrial Science1371 Words    |  6 Pages Basic Motives Behind Academic and Industrial Science and the Differences in Their Practice Zahra Hussaini Griffith University Academic and industrial science are organisations in which research and development (RD) is carried out, albeit with different motives and practices. The purpose of this paper is to compare the key drives, or basic motives, behind the types of science and explain how they relate to the differences in their practice. Academic science, in simple terms, entailsRead MoreThe Importance Of Parental Involvement On Academic Success1089 Words   |  5 PagesThe previous studies have analyzed both student and teacher perspective; the article written by Fox (2016) from School Community Journal describes the way parental involvement can influence academic success. This study helps fill the gap in literature from previous studies that did not look into parent perspectives. In the study Fox mentions that homework can be viewed very differently depending on the age, ability, and socioeconomic status of the student. (2016). The study was conducted by interviewingRead MoreAn Assessment Of Availabili ty Of Information Resources Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesenhances the intellectual and academic output of students and staff. It is the most conducive environment for learning to all students and staff. Library is an important organ of academic environment, it assist the institution by providing information and services that enhanced in providing the useful information and services to its users. As we all know the basic sevice delivery expected from the library is to provide services that will help users in their academic and research activities. CommentingRead MoreCyber Bullying: A Study of Long Term Effects on Adolescent Cyber Bullying1561 Words   |  7 Pagesonline based, therefore spending more time online. (Tokunaga, 2010). Cyber bullying has recently come to the fore front of media attention in regards to the detrimental effects on the adjustment of adolescents. Studies report suicide, depression, academic problems, and a host of other adjustment problems being the result of victimization (Tokunaga, 2010). Cyber bullying can affect the psychosocial aspects of a teenager by increasing the feelings of depression, thoughts of suicide, and self harm.Read MoreAcademic Integrity : Types Of Academic Dishonesty And Prevention Methods1743 Words   |  7 Pages Academic Integrity: Types of academic dishonesty and prevention methods Chetan Muppaneni Webster University Academic Integrity: Types of academic dishonesty and prevention methods Abstract This paper discusses the different types of academic dishonesty and the prevention measures that are taken to maintain academic integrity. The need of following the codes/rules of the institutions and to promote the academic integrity is mainly on the students and the faculty. The paper discussesRead MoreWhat Is Peer Review?960 Words   |  4 Pagesreview What is peer review? Peer review is the evaluation of scholarly and academic articles by other researchers or scientists who are expert in the field and qualified enough to perform a reasonably neutral review. It is an indispensable part of the process of the scholarly publication. Most academic journals rely on scholarly peer review, or refereeing, to help editors evaluate the quality of articles submitted to their journals. The review process is a skill, which is learned through practice andRead MoreIdentifying Their Usefulness Towards Students Studying Geography1651 Words   |  7 Pagesreview, we will be looking at three different types of resources that discuss sustainability. Before evaluating their usefulness towards students studying geography. We will begin by looking at the most traditional form of resource used by students, a book by Cabezas et al, that discusses a multi-disciplinary view of sustainability, then more on towards more modern resources such as academic journals and a web based resource. More specifically, an academic journal that looks at the rural change withinRead MoreThe World Of International Studies1172 Words   |  5 PagesCompanies as all different types of political personalities arise when such subjects are debated over. This characteristics of the international relations area of study also becomes apparent when authors of scholarly journals and public websites debate over fundamental issues of the aforementioned subject, such as the different rules for engagement and fighting overseas. When hunting for sources for this project, I found that the community of experts commonly argue via academic journals so this made

Management and Performance - 4877 Words

BSBMGT502B Activity 1-16 : 1.1 Why is it necessary to consult relevant groups and individuals about the work to be allocated and the resources they will need? It is always advisable to consult with individuals and groups about work allocations to determine what needs to be done and who has the necessary skill and experience to carry out work tasks. The people who need to use the resources should be consulted to find out what they need and when it will be needed. In this way budgets and resource plans can be made to accommodate these needs. Consultation involves employees and gives value and importnace to their ideas and Inputs by: a) making them feel valued b) encouraging ownership of improvement needs, problem solving and†¦show more content†¦The code establishes standards by which staff and management conduct themselves towards other staff or colleagues, government authorities and the general community and perform their duties and obligations. A code of conduct is generally established on the following organisational values: integrity, honesty, conscientiousness, compassion, courtesy, fairness, and respect, The successful development of an ethical environment relies on individuals being responsible for their own professional behaviour within the provisions of the code and for compliance with the legislation (national, state and local government) that impacts on the organisation and the work done. 4.2 In what ways might it be possible to confirm work outputs with relevant teams and individuals and what things might be considered in terms of work outputs? conformation might take the form of written plans, and verbal collaboration—face-to-face in meetings or as part of a one-to-one consultation. When confirming plans it is necessary to ensure that employees clearly understand what is expected of them. Ask for feedback and give opportunities to ask questions. Work output could relate to: * performance standards (KP!s, KRAs) * operational controls * financial performance * non-financial performance * customer service *Show MoreRelatedPerformance Management Performance Management Performance Management2240 Words   |  9 PagesTo look into the performance measures for a hospital and also an electrical goods retailer. From this I will look into a few companies of each and write what sort of performance measures they use and if their management priorities. Management Coursework Performance Management For this assignment I have been assigned to look into the performance measures for a hospital and also an electrical goods retailer. From this I will look into a few companies of each and write what sort of Read MoreThe Management Of Performance Management Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesThere seem to be a multitude of definitions for Performance Management. Here are several of these definitions: â€Å"Performance management is a process by which managers and employees work together to plan, monitor and review an employee’s work objectives and overall contribution to the organization. More than just an annual performance review, performance management is the continuous process of setting objectives, assessing progress and providing on-going coaching and feedback to ensure that employeesRead MorePerformance Management2643 Words   |  11 PagesSupporting Good Practice in Performance and Reward Management ASSIGNMENT Activity1 1. Two Purposes of Performance Management and its relationships to business objectives. 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(ii)Read MorePerformance Analysis : Performance Management Essay2272 Words   |  10 PagesAnnual performance reviews are not an effective form of performance management system to measure the employee’s performance because they can be biased, waste of managerial time, too sporadic to make a lasting impact, and can affect the employee’s behavior. All companies strive to be successful at meeting their company goals in a time efficient manner. As time goes on, companies are realizing the key to a successful business is happy employees. Companies must experiment with new methods to find theRead MorePerformance Management : Quality Management1247 Words   |  5 Pages Performance Management Pearl Mathieu California Southern University HRM 87504 Due December 20, 2016 Dr. Brett Gordon â€Æ' Performance Management Performance management is a continuous process in which employees and managers work together to monitor, plan, and review their employees’ overall performance and their contribution to the organization. Additionally, globalization is bringing about an increase in competition in the workplace, therefore there is a need for an organization to regularlyRead MorePerformance Management And Selection Management1460 Words   |  6 PagesTwo HR Systems. 1. Performance management and selection 2. Strategic Reward Management. Performance Management Performance management is a process where the full complement of owners, managers and employees work in unison to achieve the best result for the organization. One annual performance review does not constitute performance management. Continuous improvement is the desired goal and this can be achieved by setting specified organizational objectives, allocating these to specified employeesRead MorePerformance Management System : Management929 Words   |  4 PagesWeaveTech Performance Management System Performance management is the process a business uses to assess and determine the efficiency in achieving set objectives. A durable performance management system relies on a trusting relationship between employees and employers. When employees doubt the credibility of employers, they also distrust the results of any performance management metrics that are produced. Inconsistent feedback from management can result in poor performance and cause confusion or resentmentRead MorePerformance Management : Quality Management1902 Words   |  8 Pages Performance Management Performance Management in its simplest meaning is a method of computing employees contribution in organization growth and sustainability. And also evaluating whether the targets set by Organization own self is achieved or not. Performance management is a process of planning monitoring and reviewing the employees’ work and his objectives and his contribution towards organization objectives’. Performance management is all about measurement of employee’sRead MorePerformance Management Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction 4 Performance Potential 5 Understanding TMS Grid 9 TMS Appraisal Rating 11 Special Cases 14 The TMS Process 15 Use of TMS Rating 19 Advantages of the System 19 Gaps in the System 19 Abstract This project us gave the opportunity to analyze and explore performance management system at Bajaj Allianz. We have explored the performance appraisal part of the same namely understanding the Talent Management System (TMS) and its use

The Undisputed Truth About Need Help Writing a Term Paper That the Experts Dont Want You to Hear

The Undisputed Truth About Need Help Writing a Term Paper That the Experts Don't Want You to Hear Need Help Writing a Term Paper and Need Help Writing a Term Paper - The Perfect Combination When writers work with urgent deadlines, they need to work more hours since they are not able to miss deadlines for different orders. When you place your purchase, they begin working on it immediately. All you need to do is to place your purchase on the internet or call us. When placing the order, you are going to have a choice to select spacing. Formulating a thesis, can help you stay concentrated on the principal points. One of the primary explanations for why students are continuously stressed out is they always get too many writing assignments. Contrary to other sorts of homework, essays are sometimes an authentic problem for just about any student. Writing essay could be true headache including all of the research and meeting academic standards. 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Hamlet Act I Essay Example For Students

Hamlet Act I Essay In Act I of Hamlet, the ghost of the king hamlet comes to the battlement,outside a castle in Denmark. Marcellus and Horatio ask the ghost to speak, butIt remains silent. In Scene 2 the new king, King Claudius, King Hamletsbrother, is reprimanding Prince Hamlet for depressed. Claudius and Gertrude,Hamlets mother, tell Hamlet to get over his fathers death. Gertrude marriedClaudius one month after King Hamlet died. Marcellus joins Hamlet and tells himof his sightings. In Scene 3 Laertes and his sister are saying goodbye, becauseLaertes is going to school in France. Ophelia, Laertes sister, is telling himthat she is desperately in love with Hamlet. Laertes tells Ophelia that Hamletwill just use her for sex. Laertes makes Ophelia promise that she will not seeHamlet. In Scene 4 Prince Hamlet goes to see if what Marcellus is telling him istrue. Sure enough it is. The ghost beckons Hamlet to follow him; and then hetalks to him. The ghost tells him that Claudius killed him by putting poison inhis ear. The ghost wants Hamlet to bring Claudius revenge. In the last scene,the ghost tells Hamlet that it is not Gertrude fault that he has died. He thinksthat Claudius has brainwashed her.

Ancient Women Powerfull or Powerless free essay sample

In ancient world, men’s and women’s life were highly segregated. Man worked in public places while women were confined to their homes, where they managed the household and raised children with the help of slave. This does not mean that women did not have a social, public and economic life. David Cohen says that Athenian women participated in many activities such as working in fields, acting as nurse and many other activities. Women were considered week in front of men, role’s of men were given more importance than roles of women. The role of women may differ depending upon the class of the women or the region of Greece she belong. It is believed that Spartan women enjoyed more freedom than Athenian women. Women also participated in religious festivals and in a sacrifice as said by Cohen. The relationship of women with man is made evident through the household, government and in wars. We will write a custom essay sample on Ancient Women Powerfull or Powerless or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Women also had some political ability which has been made evident through the play Lysistrata by Aristophanes where Lysistrata portrays the political ability by bringing the devastating Peloponnesian was to a end. The roles played by men and women in ancient Greek society are made evident through the play Lysistrata by Aristophanes. In the play an indication is given of women’s role in the households and their relationship with man. As this play was written by a male playwright it also provides a male point of view towards women. Women role were confined to the house where they produce legitimate children and ensuring that that household activities were executed. Sarah Pomeroy say, â€Å"The primary duty of citizen women towards the polis[city] was the production of legitimate heirs to the oikoi, or families, whose aggregate comprised the citizenry. † The women place was seen being within the home as Lysistrata provides evidence of this when, Cleonice, states, †¦but its not easy, you know, for women to leave the house. One is busy pottering about her husband; another is getting the servant up; a third is putting her child asleep or washing the brat or feeding it. Households were the only place in which women have power, as they were in command. The role of women to produce legitimate children was viewed as a most important duty of women. Women also participated in rites and rituals. The burial rites were most likely the mid ritual women were involved with. The roles of women in rituals are concerned with how Athenian women participated in religious festivals as stated in Lysistrata. This displays that Greek women participated in rites and rituals. The elationship between men and women in ancient Greek society illustrates the role of women was in relation to household duties and everyday affairs. A Women’s actions were expected to be respectful towards men and were dependent upon their husbands. The women’s were not also able to have an initiate communication with one, as it is displayed in Lysistrata when Lysistrata addresses the magistrate who then replies back, You disgusting creature, as he is appalled with her nonconformist manner. Men did not believe that women’s were capable of running the state as their political roles were viewed with contempt; despite the fact that they run the households in an efficient manner. Politics was not the business of women their business was confined to their household activities. This is displayed in Lysistrata when she asks about the affairs of the state and the response she receives is, Shut up and mind your own business! The involvement of women in war is seen in the same way as their involvement in politics. Go and attend to your work; let war be the care of the men folks. † This is from Lysistrata shows the reply to women’s involvement on the war effort. However, Lysistrata says that women did contribute greatly to the war, â€Å"We’ve given you sons, and then had to send them off to fight. † Women did have power within the households but they did not have any power over men, this is the reason why women did not posses many roles in the p olitics. The male view of women portrayed throughout the play is degrading of women. Popular opinion through the play is that women are drunkards and sex-crazed. In Lysistrata it states, If it had been a Bacchus celebration theyd been asked to attend or something in honor of Pan or Aphrodite particularly Aphrodite! You wouldnt have been able to move. This extract shows the opinion as Bacchus was the god of wine and Aphrodite the goddess of love, therefore implying that these are the festivals the women took pleasure in. The men also viewed women as being sub-human as said in Lysistrata, â€Å"There is no beast as shameless as a women. The women’s were also believed to be sensitive and emotional. The overall male view about women were seen as insignificant and an annoyance. All these roles played by women were slightly varied between the different cultures. Athenian women were different from Spartan women as their lives were much freer, as is alluded to in Lysistrata when the Spartan, Lampito, comments on her daily activities, If we were in training. There is also mention of the Metic women in Lysistrata who were able to carry out commercial roles. However, despite these differences, the women of citizen families, whether they were of middle class or royalty, still carried out the same roles and still had very little freedom and rights. It is made evidently apparent all the roles which women played in ancient Greek society and their relationship with men through these roles. Women in ancient Greece were given little to no freedom and rights, and their only true place of power was in the household.

Longitudinal studies Essays

Longitudinal studies Essays Longitudinal studies Paper Longitudinal studies Paper Longitudinal studies provide data about the same individual at different points in time allowing the researcher to track change at an individual level. Furthermore it could be argued that longitudinal studies can also be used to study change in the lives of organisations and institutions as well as individual people. In this essay I will be focusing on why longitudinal studies may be difficult to undertake and whether they are desirable. I will also mention the different types of longitudinal studies and why longitudinal studies are conducted. (Hakim: 1987) There are many different type s of longitudinal studies. One of these would be individual level panel surveys where samples of individuals are tracked and interviewed. Another type of longitudinal study is household panel surveys. This is where individuals are monitored within the contexts of the household where they live. Additionally, in this type of survey, information is normally collected about the whole household at each wave. Furthermore cohort studies can be categorised as one of the types of longitudinal studies. This consists of studies where samples from a particular age variety are followed to investigate their different trajectories as they age. Also, longitudinal studies which are linked across time can be record linkage studies and administrative or census data. (Hakim: 1987) (Miles et al: 1994) Many argue that the United Kingdom has always taken a prominent role in the development of longitudinal studies and this can be reflected through the numerous types of longitudinal studies such as the Official for National Statistics, Longitudinal Study of the Census and the British Household Panel Survey to just name a few. It could be argued that these studies provide an understanding of social change, of the trajectories of individual life histories and the dynamic processes that underlie social and economic life. Furthermore many claim that their important role in social science and policy research is the core for the continued investment in longitudinal studies in the U.K. This can be seen as one of the main reasons why longitudinal studies are desirable to undertake. Many argue that longitudinal studies are desirable to undertake as they can address issues and support methods in ways that are not possible with traditional cross-sectional approaches. In addition its particularly important and valuable in research areas where the emphasis is directly on change and the occurrence are themselves intrinsically longitudinal such as poverty, employment instability and social attitudes. Also longitudinal studies may be desirable when investigating causal process as determining whether or not certain factors affect a variable for example the effects of unemployment on mental health. Furthermore, supports of the longitudinal design argue that longitudinal studies are desirable in the area when controlling for the effects of unmeasured fixed differences between subjects and also is valuable when studying social change and needing to separate out age, period and cohort effects. Lastly favourites of the longitudinal design claim that longitudinal studies are desirable in a number of research areas where establishing the effect of treatment by following an experimental design or quasi-experimental design or for example comparing periods before and after the introduction of public policy. Evidence illustrates that these advantages have been used for a wide range for important research findings. The first can be in finding the effects on children of school and family background in order to understand social mobility and the effectiveness of educational interventions as well as to identify the key points for intervention. Secondly the longitudinal studies have been able to examine the effects of changing patterns of marriage, cohabitation and childbirth on the time children are likely to spend in lone parent families and furthermore the effects on their later lives. Moreover the features of longitudinal studies have been able to illustrate the defining characteristics of people who experience repeated spells of unemployment and poverty. And also highlight their effects which many argue make it difficult for people to find work and or maybe escape poverty in the future. As it has been argued, longitudinal studies collect data about different times in individuals lives, and across generations, linking evidence from different points in the lives of parents and children. Furthermore this capacity to follow individuals through time and observe how experiences and behaviour is influenced by the wider social and economical contexts in which they find themselves. (Hakim: 1987) (Miles et al: 1994) (Phillips: 1966) (Vaus: 2001)

Financial intermediation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Financial intermediation - Essay Example It is noted that the systemic stability contributes to the risk reduction. This is achieved through geographic diversification and this is analysed by the two/three of the cross-province merger and acquisitions. The empirical findings have been derived by applying a probabilistic theoretical model. This has supported the efficiency hypothesis rather than the imminent failure hypothesis. Thus journal contributes value to the readers as it not only shed light on the debate in the literature but also has policy implications for the merger and acquisitions today. These policy implications hold great importance as the economists and policymakers need to have a good look at them and follow them in all the policies that design. Economists and policymakers’ grave concerns about megabank failures and their consequences on financial markets and the economy are reinforced by empirical evidence on the concentration-fragility hypothesis. It is noted that the consolidation and systemic risk are positively related, although other factors also contributed to the increased risk. Moreover, it is stated that banking crises are less likely in more concentrated banking systems among 70 countries over 1980-97. However, this is not a hard and fast rule and there is a probability of concentration- fragility hypothesis which need to be analysed as well. ... New megabanks like the Citibank are also emerging. Thus, there is more concentration of banks thereby increasing the systemic banking risk. The importance of competitiveness is well known throughout the land but the Minister of Finance of the Canadian Government proposed bank mergers in 1998. However, there is a mixed result found after the mergers and acquisitions of the financial institutions have taken place. Moreover, the public policy implications are also very essential to be noted because they influence the allocation of the total amount of money available from the merged banks. This may involve conflicts of interests and the of objectives of the many stakeholders could be at stake. These regulations could be very different from commercial bankers’. They emphasize more on post-merger systemic risk than bankers. This is because of the costly banking crises; for example the financial tsunami of 2007. Thus these policies are given great importance by the economists and pol icymakers. There is a need to closely study the megabank failures, their consequences on financial markets and the economy and they must be supported by empirical evidence on the concentration. The scope of mergers and acquisitions has been manageable. The focus of this paper is on the relationship between banking consolidation and stability by examining the stability. The financial institutions under study are of the Canadian banking system. The time period under study is 1867-1935; from Confederation to the formation of the Bank of Canada. Hypothesis one says that these mergers and acquisitions are driven by market forces. They later become more efficient and stable banking system. The other hypothesis says that mergers and acquisitions have been

Can Crime be Considered Moral Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Can Crime be Considered Moral - Essay Example However, there are more than a few citizens who have committed crimes, acting out of concern for others or in protecting loved ones. To determine whether a crime is necessarily immoral, assumptions must be made. The first assumption is that all laws determine what consists of a crime based on harm or damage to others. The second is that all crimes hurt or bring harm to others, whether individuals, groups, corporations or other living things. The third assumption is that each citizen views harm in the same manner. Various cultural beliefs, ethical theories and value systems make it impossible for all citizens to each and every crime as moral or immoral. One who believes that murder is wrong, regardless of circumstances, may view an individual who has hurt or killed an intruder as wrong. Another may view self defense as allowable and justifiable. A serial murderer may be seen as evil or completely lacking in morals. Many in our society wonder how such an individual â€Å"can remain st eadfastly convinced of his own moral superiority and show not even the slightest glimmer of remorse.† (Silber). Most of society does not understand how the serial murderer can feel that way. Yet, the members of society will accept that â€Å"the five-year-old Iraqi girl who was killed by the same bombs that killed al-Zarqawi† was necessary to accomplish a goal. Murder is considered immoral, especially when victims are young and innocent. â€Å"Surely it is better for the world that men should be right from wrong motives than that they would do wrong with the best intentions.

Psychological research studies

Psychological research studies It was first believed, according to the empiricists view (e.g. Locke, 1939) that a newborn infants ability to perceive, developed solely through a process of learning via experience. These pinnacle underestimates could have existed due to the extremely difficult nature of assessing what one could consider inaccessible to direct measurements. Contemporary knowledge in this domain has proliferated markedly due to the development of inventive techniques used to measure infants perceptual abilities. These perceptual abilities are considered to form the basis for rapid learning and development (Mehler Dupoux, 1994) and therefore are considered not only fascinating, but of pronounced importance to the study of developmental psychology. This interest is reflected in the numerous methods (e.g. behavioural, psychophsiological, and methods that assess brain responses) applied to infer the abilities of infants to perceive. In the present paper, focus will be dedicated to exploring the various research methods and reference to psychological research studies will be made in order to place the various approaches into a relatable context. The preference method devised by Robert Frantz (1958) is a straightforward technique which involves presenting an infant with two or more stimuli simultaneously, and as the name implies, assessing which was attentionally or perceptually preferred (Houston-Price Nakai, 2004). Early research generally relied on an observer watching the infants face and measuring how long one of the stimuli was looked at; however, present-day research relies on objectively scoring video film of the infants face or recording eye fixation, thereby strengthening accuracy of results (Smith, Cowie Blades, 2007). A variation of this technique was used to evaluate infants responsiveness to pictorial depth cues, in which two objects were placed at equal distances away from the infant. A strong reaching preference was demonstrated under monocular viewing conditions for the object that seemed closer due to pictorial depth cues. As this effect ceased during binocular conditions it was deduced that infants percei ve distance from pictorial cues (Kavsek et al., 2009). Along with this illuminating realization, the preference method has enabled many other intriguing deductions regarding infants perceptual abilities. For example, infants prefer to fixate on emotionally significant (i.e. familiar) stimuli (Burnham Dodd, 1999) as well as visual stimuli that match auditory stimuli (Golinkoff et al., 1987). This matching effect was also investigated and verified by Jeffrey Pickens (1994) through the use of visual preference to one of two television monitors. This method therefore leads to two types of inference; whether discrimination occurred and the salience of the preferred stimuli to infants (Houston-Price Nakai, 2004). The most popular method for measuring infants perceptual abilities is the habituation method, which capitalizes on the simplest form of learning. This technique involves a system in which a repeated stimulus becomes so familiar that initially associated responses cease to occur (habituation). If a new stimulus is presented and can be distinguished from the previous, attention can be renewed (dishabituated) (Shaffer Kipp, 2007). This method is also referred to as the familiarization-novelty procedure as the infants terminated response indicates recognition of a previously experienced stimulus, whereas regained attention indicates a novel stimulus (Bertenthal Longo, 2002). As this method can be applied to a myriad of research questions, it has elicited numerous substantial discoveries. For example, evidence for perceptual colour categories in pre-linguistic infants was obtained through the classical experiment conducted by Bornstein, Kessen and Weisskopf (1976). After habituation to one stimuli (e.g. red1), more attention was focused onto a colour from what an adult would consider a different colour category (i.e. preferred yellow instead of red2), even though the wavelength of the two novel stimuli where equal (Franklin Davies, 2004). Mayo, Nawrot and Nawrot (2009) proved that dihabituation results (obtained through use of the initial stimulus with manipulated depth) can indicate that infants as young as 16 weeks of age may be sensitive to indisputable depth from motion parallax. Conditioning focuses on the postulation that infants will learn to carry out behaviours if they are reinforced, which allows infants control over their environment and reflects understanding of relationships within the world (Smith et al., 2007). For example, Bower (1965) conditioned infants to turn their heads to one side by rewarding them with an adult engaging them in a peek-a-boo game. Once this response was established, the infant only received the reward if the infant turned his/her head when a certain stimulus was present. Discrimination can thereby be detected and in this case, size constancy was observed, as conditioned responses were three times more probable to the same stimuli (i.e. a 30cm cube) regardless of fluctuating retinal image size than to different stimuli (i.e. a 90cm cube) . Kuhl (1983) found that infants are capable of categorizing speech sounds by adopting the conditioning method and using a battery operated toy as a visual reinforcer. High amplitude sucking takes advantage of the fact that infants have good motor control of their sucking behaviour and this fact can be used to determine discrimination as well as likes and dislikes of the infant in question (Werker, Shi, Desjardins, Pegg, Polka Patterson, 1998). The infant is given an adapted pacifier containing electrical circuitry, and once the infants baseline sucking rate is recorded, variations (i.e. harder or faster sucking) trip the circuit thereby activating the reward (e.g. tape recorder)(Shaffer Kipp, 2007). Siqueland and De Lucia (1969) used a projected light as a visual stimulus to condition infants sucking, with strength of sucking directly proportional to the brightness of the visual stimuli. They concluded that at 4 months this relationship could be learned. A habituation version of the high amplitude sucking procedure was used to determine that infants perceive speech in a categorized manner. This was evident by familiarization (habituation) to the first stimuli (e.g. /ba/), followed by an increased sucking rate (dishabituation) in response to a second, novel stimuli (e.g. /pa/), thereby indicating discrimination between the categories had occurred (Eimas et al., 1971). Unobservable responses can also be accessed through measuring evoked potentials and changes in heart rate. With regards to changes in heart rate, it is expected that if an infant is surprised or upset their heart rate will increase, decreasing when focusing or attending. These effects can thus be manipulated through the habituation method to determine discrimination (Smith et al., 2007). Evoked potentials are measured by use of electrodes placed in positions on the scalp that process the presented stimuli. If a stimuli is perceived, it is reflected by a pattern of brain waves (i.e. evoked potentials), with different stimuli producing different patterns of electrical activity (Shaffer Kipp, 2007). Discrimination can therefore be deduced. A study using evoked potentials proved that visual acuity and contrast sensitivity are poor in the neonate, but improve during the first year of life (Atkinson et al., 1974). There is no question regarding the tremendous impact of these experimental methods; however they are not without their limitations. The preference method is praised as it is easy to employ, has a wide scope of application and response demands are minimal, although results can be confounded by familiarization effects prior to the preference procedure (Houston-Price Nakai, 2004). Another issue appears if an infant fails to show preference between the stimuli, as it is unclear whether the infant failed to discriminate or if the stimuli where found equally interesting (Shaffer Kipp, 2007). These effects can to some extent be controlled for by the use of the habituation method, which exploits the familiarization effect. This is a well understood, versatile procedure which is suited to investigations across many age groups (Werker et al., 1998), although data of an individual infant cannot easily be examined and discrimination behaviour is therefore only described with reference to a gro up (Werker Lalonde, 1988). Another probable inadequacy of this method concerns the lack of motivation of infants to show discrimination from a familiar stimulus, due to novelty being the only reward (Werker et al., 1998). Conditioning methods can rectify these problems as they provide reward and are able to provide data on individual subjects and hence able to identify individual differences. This paradigm is also useful in studying developmental changes through implementing experiments at different ages (Werker et al., 1998). The high amplitude sucking method is advantageous as it can measure a newborns (only a few hours old) perceptual ability due to sucking being easily conditioned (Werker et al., 1998). Williams and Golenski (1979) identified the major limitation with this study being that there is often a high drop-out rate due to infants who are fussy or sleepy, which may result in skewed data. Neurological and autonomic understanding has undoubtedly developed from studies involving evoked potentials and heart rate fluctuations; although these studies do little in accessing what differences are significant to the individual infant. All the above discussed paradigms are beneficial in assessing infants perceptual abilities, each having both strengths and weaknesses. As the habituation-dishabituation method is the most popular method of assessing infants perceptual abilities, along with the fact that many methods may be considered a variation of this paradigm, one might be lead to the inference of its superiority. However, over the years the differences between the methods have diminished due to modern research methods encapsulating on positive aspects from the various paradigms (Houston-Price Nakai, 2004). Therefore, with regards to methods in assessing infants perceptual abilities, what seems of most importance is the link between the research question of interest and the appropriate method to answer that question. References: Atkinson, J., Braddick, O., Braddick, F. (1974). Acuity and contrast sensitivity of invant vision. Nature, 247, 403-404. Bornstein, M. H., Kessen, W., Weisskopf, S. (1976). Colour vision and hue categorization in young infants. Journal of experimental psychology: Human perception and performance, 1, 115-129. Bower, T.G.R. (1965). Stimulus variables determining space perception in infants. Science, 149, 88-9. Burnham, D., Dodd, B. (1999). Familiarity and novelty preferences in infants auditory-visual speech perception: problems, factors, and a solution. In C. Rovee-Collier, L. Lipsitt, H. Hayne (Ed.), Advances in Infancy Research, 12, (pp. 170-187). Ablex: Stamford. Eimas, P.D., Siqueland, E.R., Jusczyk, P., Vigorito, J. (1971). Speech perception in infants. Science, 171 (3968), 303-306. Franklin, A., Davies, I. R. L. (2004). New evidence for infant colour categories. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 22, 347-377. Frantz, R. (1958). Pattern vision in young infants. The Psychological Record, 8, 43-47. Golinkoff, R., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Cauley, K., Gordon, L. (1987). The eyes have it: lexical and syntactic comprehension in a new paradigm. Journal of Child Language, 14, 23-45. Houstin-Price, C., Nakai, S. (2004). Theory and Method in Developmental Research: Distinguishing novelty and familiarity effects in infant preference procedures. Infant and Child Development, 13, 341-348. Kavsek, M., Granrud, C. E., Yonas, A. (2009). Infants responsiveness to pictoral depth cues in preferential reaching studies: A meta-analysis. Infant behavior and development, 32, 245 -253. Kuhl, P.K. (1983). Perception of auditory equivalence classes for speech in early infancy. Infant behaviour and Development, 6 (2-3), 263-285. Locke, J. (1939). An essay concerning human understanding. In E. A. Burtt (Ed.), The English Philosophers from Bacon to Mill. New York: Modern Library Longo, M. R., Bertenthal, B.I. (2006). Common coding of observation and execution of action in 9-month-old infants. Infancy, 10 (1), 43-59. Mehler, J., Dupoux, E. (1994). What infants know. The New Cognitive Science of Early Development. Oxford:Blackwell. Nawrot, E., Mayo, S. L., Nawrot, M. (2009). The development of depth perception from motion parallax in infancy. Attention, Perception and Psychophysics, 71 (1), 194-199. Pickens, J. (1994). Perception of Auditory-Visual Distance Relations by 5-month-old infants.Developmental Psychology, 30 (4), 537-544. Shaffer, D. R., Kipp, K. (2007). Developmental Psychology: Childhood Adolescence (8th ed.). Belmont, USA: Nelson Education Ltd. Siqueland, E. R., De Lucia, C. A. (1969). Visual reinforcement of non-nutritive sucking in human infants. Science, 165, 1144-1146. Smith, P. K., Cowie, H., Blades, M. (2003). Understanding Childrens Development (4th ed.). Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishing. Werker, J. F., Lalonde, C. E. (1988). Cross language perception: initial capabilities and developmental change. Developmental psychology. 24 (5): 672 683. Werker, J.F., Shi, R., Desjardins, R., Pegg, J. E., Polka, L., Patterson, M. (1998). Three Methods for testing infant speech perception. In A. Slater (Ed.), Perceptual Development: Visual, Auditory and Speech perception in infancy (pp. 389-418). Hove, UK: Psychology Press Ltd. Williams, L., Golenski, J. (1979). Infant Behavioural State and Speech Sound Discrimination. Child Development, 50, 1243-1246.

venus :: essays research papers

THE NATURE OF VENUS AND THE VENUS SIGN We're going to find out why some people cannot stand you yet others feel so powerfully attracted to you that they simply cannot resist your charm. And, as Venus rules art and music as much as she rules romance, we're going to explore your instinctive aesthetic preferences. We're going to look at both the shapes and colors that strike your fancy, plus the figures and faces that fill your fantasies. Venus is a planet for romantics. Her very name conjures up an image of mystery and sensuality, but she was a seductive symbol long before the Romans coined this name for her. The Babylonians called her Ishtar, Goddess of Fertility. The Sumerians knew her as Inanna, Queen of Thunder. To the Egyptians she was Isis the Enchantress, and to the Greeks Aphrodite, ultimate icon of feminine charm and the mother of Cupid. If you are a typical male, your Venus sign represents your ideal woman. Aphrodite wears many disguises. Today, you will see which she dons when she wants to capture your heart. If you are a woman, your Venus sign governs the kind of person you turn into when you exploit your feminine charm. I have to confess, though, that when reading romantic preference in a horoscope, all astrologers find female psychology more complicated. Aphrodite was the ultimate free woman. She belonged to no man yet she awakened a deep and profound spirit of desire in the heart of every man she encountered. She had passionate and fruitful romantic involvements with gods as diverse as the witty, intellectual Hermes, the silent, muscular Adonis and the pompous, powerful Zeus. Throughout all this she also had a tolerant husband: aloof and irritable Hephaestus, the wounded craftsman. Forget for a moment any judgement you might feel inclined to make about her character. We are dealing here with a symbolic goddess, not a real human being and we must view her in her proper context: as an icon of femininity. One day, I hope to write an entire book about her. For our purposes here, though, all we need to understand is that we are dealing with the image of a woman who is attractive to every type of man. A man's Venus sign tells us whether he is more likely to try and appeal to Aphrodite by acting like a Hermes, an Adonis, a Zeus or a Hephae stus.

Ancient Egyptian Art & Architecture Essay

Due to the scarcity of wood the two predominant building materials used in ancient Egypt were sun-baked mud bricks and stone, mainly limestone but also sandstone and granite in considerable quantities. From the Old Kingdom onward, stone was generally reserved for tombs and temples, while bricks were used even for royal palaces, fortresses, the walls of temple precincts and towns, and for subsidiary buildings in temple complexes. The core of the pyramids came from stone quarried in the area already while the limestone, now eroded away, that was used to face the pyramids came from the other side of the Nile River and had to be quarried, ferried across, and cut during the dry season before they could be pulled into place on the pyramid. Ancient Egyptian houses were made out of mud collected from the Nile river. It was placed in molds and left to dry in the hot sun to harden for use in construction. Many Egyptian towns have disappeared because they were situated near the cultivated area of the Nile Valley and were flooded as the river bed slowly rose during the millennia, or the mud bricks of which they were built were used by peasants as fertilizer. Others are inaccessible (unapproachable), new buildings having been erected on ancient ones. Fortunately, the dry, hot climate of Egypt preserved some mud brick structures. Examples include the village Deir al-Madinah, the Middle Kingdom town at Kahun, and the fortresses at Buhen and Mirgissa. Also, many temples and tombs have survived because they were built on high ground unaffected by the Nile flood and were constructed of stone. Thus, our understanding of ancient Egyptian architecture is based mainly on religious monuments, massive structures characterized by thick, sloping walls with few openings, possibly echoing a method of construction used to obtain stability in mud walls. In a similar manner, the incised and flatly modeled surface adornment (decoration) of the stone buildings may have derived from mud wall ornamentation. Although the use of the arch was developed during the fourth dynasty, all monumental buildings are post and lintel constructions, with flat roofs constructed of huge stone blocks supported by the external walls and the closely spaced columns. Exterior and interior walls, as well as the columns and piers (landing place) were covered with hieroglyphic and pictorial (symbolic) frescoes and carvings painted in brilliant colors. Many motifs (design) of Egyptian ornamentation are symbolic, such as the scarab or sacred beetle, the solar disk and the vulture. Other common motifs include palm leaves, the papyrus plant, and the buds and flowers of the lotus. Hieroglyphs were inscribed for decorative purposes as well as to record historic events or spells. In addition, these pictorial frescoes and carvings allow us to understand how the Ancient Egyptians lived, statuses, wars that were fought and their beliefs. This was especially true when exploring the tombs of Ancient Egyptian officials in recent years. Ancient Egyptian temples were aligned with astronomically significant events, such as solstices and equinoxes, requiring precise (accurate) measurements at the moment of the particular event. Measurements at the most significant temples may have been ceremonially undertaken by the Pharaoh himself. Art Forms: Ancient Egyptian art forms are characterized by regularity and detailed depiction of gods, human beings, heroic battles, and nature, and were intended to provide solace to the deceased in the afterlife. Egyptian art in all forms obeyed one law: the mode of representing Pharaohs, gods, man, nature and the environment. Ancient Egyptian art displays an extraordinarily vivid representation of the Ancient Egyptian’s socioeconomic status and belief systems. Architecture: Ancient Egyptian architects used sun-dried and kiln-baked bricks, fine sandstone, limestone and granite. Hieroglyphic and pictorial carvings in brilliant colors were abundantly used to decorate Egyptian structures. Papyrus: Papyrus is a plant. Papyrus was used by ancient Egyptians for writing and painting. Papyrus texts illustrate all dimensions of ancient Egyptian life and include literary, religious, historical and administrative documents. Pottery: Ancient Egyptians used steatite (some varieties were called soapstone). Different types of pottery items were deposited in tombs of the dead. Some such pottery items represented interior parts of the body, like the lungs, the liver and smaller intestines, which were removed before embalming (the art and science of temporarily preserving human remains). Sculpture: The ancient art of Egyptian sculpture evolved to represent the ancient Egyptian gods, Pharaohs, and the kings and queens, in physical form. Very strict conventions were followed while crafting statues: male statues were darker than the female ones; in seated statues, hands were required to be placed on knees and specific rules governed appearance of every Egyptian god. Egyptian Art Ancient Egyptian art is the painting, sculpture, architecture and other arts produced by the civilization in the lower Nile Valley from 5000 BC to 300 AD. Ancient Egyptian art reached a high level in painting and sculpture, and was both highly stylized and symbolic. Much of the surviving art comes from tombs and monuments and thus there is an emphasis on life after death and the preservation of knowledge of the past. The quality of observation and execution started at a high level and remained near that level throughout the 2nd and 3rd dynasty. Paintings: Egyptian painting is said to be one of the most unique and mysterious attributes of Egypt. Egyptian painting is not oil-based or fresco-based, it is tempura-based. All Egyptian reliefs were painted on a flat surface. Pigments were mostly mineral, chosen to withstand strong sunlight without fading. The binding medium used in painting remains unclear. After painting, a varnish or resin was usually applied as a protective coating. The paintings were often made with the intent of making a pleasant afterlife for the deceased. Some tomb paintings show activities that the deceased were involved in when they were alive and wished to carry on doing for eternity. Egyptian paintings are painted in such a way to show a profile view and a side view of the animal or person. Periods in Art: The Ancient Egyptian art style is known as Amarna art. It was characterized by a sense of movement and activity in images. Also, the human body is portrayed differently in Amarna style artwork than Egyptian art on the whole. Faces are still shown exclusively in profile.

The Rise of Europe - 853 Words

The Rise of Europe Contemporary world power, and the shift from the East to the West during what historian’s term, Medieval/Renaissance Europe, shifted the roles of two vastly different empires – the Ming and Ottoman. Even though we barely even touched on the Ming Empire, I feel like the significance of it, is far too grand to leave out in describing the rise of Europe. Both empires had different types of leadership and core goals – military and social. The Ming Empire was led by brilliant philosophical scholars, concerned not only with the external world but the development of the internal consciousness; the Ottoman based on a new monotheistic religion that stratified society, but also allowed numerous mathematical, scientific, and†¦show more content†¦Once trade routes were established, the merging of cultural values and ideas, including technology, changed the very face of the global balance of power. China, for instance, remained as isolated as possible, content to ma nage the strife and political bureaucracy from within. In the Middle East, the continual struggle over the Holy Land, and the subsequent gains and losses changed the very face of the Ottoman Empire, finally establishing a more individualized state system, often ruled by European colonialism, up to and through World War I (â€Å"Middle Ages Trade and Commerce†). If, however, we find that it was economics and the promise of wealth, the desire for goods and services, and the curiosity about technological advances and other social improvements, that drove Europe outward, it was the lack of active colonization that kept both the Ming and Ottoman Empires from perhaps realizing their true potential. Regardless of the public personification of discovering new lands for God and man, the very basis of expansion for Europe was, indeed, the promise of wealth. Works Cited Genet, J. , (1996). A History of Chinese Civilization. Cambridge University Press. Goodwin, J. (2003). Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire. Picador Press. â€Å"Middle Ages Trade and Commerce.† (n.d.) in Middle Ages History. http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/middle-ages-history.htm Parry, J.H. (1982). The Age ofShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Democracy Throughout Europe Essay1947 Words   |  8 PagesThe Rise of Democracy in Europe The rise of democracy within Europe was vital to the importance of the individual, and was marked by a transition from the governing by one feudal lord, to the governing by an elected official. This transition brought change not only to humanistic thinking, but also enabled mankind to have basic human rights which improved life for the country’s citizens. 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